Hepatitis B virus, abbreviated HBV, is a breed of the brand Orthohepadnavirus, which is additionally a allotment of the Hepadnaviridae ancestors of viruses. This virus causes the ache hepatitis B.
The hepatitis B virus is classified as the blazon breed of the Orthohepadnavirus, which contains three added species: the Ground accumulate hepatitis virus, Woodchuck hepatitis virus, and the Bristling monkey hepatitis B virus. The brand is classified as allotment of the Hepadnaviridae family, which contains two added genera, the Avihepadnavirus and a additional which has yet to be assigned. This ancestors of bacilli accept not been assigned to a viral order. Bacilli agnate to hepatitis B accept been begin in all the Old World apes (orangutan, gibbons, gorillas and chimpanzees) and from a New World bristling monkey suggesting an age-old agent for this virus in primates.
The virus is disconnected into four above serotypes (adr, adw, ayr, ayw) based on antigenic epitopes present on its envelope proteins, and into eight genotypes (A-H) according to all-embracing nucleotide arrangement aberration of the genome. The genotypes accept a audible bounded administration and are acclimated in archetype the change and manual of the virus. Differences amid genotypes affect the ache severity, advance and likelihood of complications, and acknowledgment to analysis and possibly vaccination.
Hepatitis B virus is a affiliate of the Hepadnavirus family. The virus particle, (virion) consists of an alien lipid envelope and an icosahedral nucleocapsid amount composed of protein. The nucleocapsid encloses the viral DNA and a DNA polymerase that has about-face transcriptase action agnate to retroviruses. The alien envelope contains anchored proteins which are complex in viral bounden of, and access into, affected cells. The virus is one of the aboriginal belted beastly bacilli with a virion bore of 42 nm, but pleomorphic forms exist, including filamentous and all-around bodies defective a core. These particles are not communicable and are composed of the lipid and protein that forms allotment of the apparent of the virion, which is alleged the apparent antigen (HBsAg), and is produced in balance during the activity aeon of the virus.
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